{"id":5388,"date":"2026-06-16T08:59:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-16T06:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/?p=5388"},"modified":"2026-06-25T09:04:02","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T07:04:02","slug":"pokuta-za-svarcsystem-kuryru-rohliku-potvrzena-ustavnim-soudem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/pokuta-za-svarcsystem-kuryru-rohliku-potvrzena-ustavnim-soudem\/","title":{"rendered":"Pokuta za \u0161varcsyst\u00e9m kur\u00fdr\u016f Rohl\u00edku potvrzena \u00dastavn\u00edm soudem"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Na za\u010d\u00e1tku dubna roku 2026 dosp\u011bl k fin\u00e1ln\u00edmu rozuzlen\u00ed soudn\u00ed p\u0159ezkum pokuty ve v\u00fd\u0161i <strong>2,5 mil. K\u010d<\/strong>, kterou v roce 2023 ulo\u017eil inspektor\u00e1t pr\u00e1ce spole\u010dnosti <strong>VELK\u00c1 PECKA, s. r. o.<\/strong>, provozuj\u00edc\u00ed on-line obchod Rohlik.cz. Pokuta byla ulo\u017eena zejm\u00e9na za umo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdkonu neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce osmi kur\u00fdr\u016fm spole\u010dnosti, kte\u0159\u00ed rozv\u00e1\u017eeli zbo\u017e\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm. Kone\u010dn\u00fd verdikt, potvrzen\u00fd \u00dastavn\u00edm soudem, potvrdil existenci \u0161varcsyst\u00e9mu i v\u00fd\u0161i ulo\u017een\u00e9 pokuty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dan\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad lze vn\u00edmat jako <strong>v\u00fdznamn\u00fd moment pro posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed re\u017eimu spolupr\u00e1ce v oblasti tzv. platformov\u00e9 ekonomiky<\/strong>. Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed soud v\u0161ak z\u00e1rove\u0148 zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee jeho z\u00e1v\u011bry nelze ch\u00e1pat jako plo\u0161n\u00fd verdikt nad cel\u00fdm segmentem digit\u00e1ln\u00edch platforem, n\u00fdbr\u017e jako v\u00fdsledek posouzen\u00ed specifick\u00fdch okolnost\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed v\u011bci. Neznamen\u00e1 to tedy, \u017ee by v\u0161ichni pracovn\u00edci digit\u00e1ln\u00edch platforem museli b\u00fdt automaticky pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za zam\u011bstnance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z\u00e1v\u011bry soud\u016f v\u0161ak maj\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam zejm\u00e9na v tom, \u017ee akcentuj\u00ed po\u017eadavek <strong>materi\u00e1ln\u00edho hodnocen\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9ho nastaven\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce<\/strong>. Form\u00e1ln\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed vztahu jako podnikatelsk\u00e9 spolupr\u00e1ce nebo smluvn\u00ed ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed deklaruj\u00edc\u00ed nez\u00e1vislost pracovn\u00edk\u016f nemohou b\u00fdt rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed, pokud se tato nez\u00e1vislost neprojevuje tak\u00e9 v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m v\u00fdkonu \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V komentovan\u00e9m soudn\u00edm sporu bylo podstatn\u00e9 posoudit, zda \u010dinnost kur\u00fdr\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u011b vystupovali jako osoby samostatn\u011b v\u00fdd\u011ble\u010dn\u011b \u010dinn\u00e9, <strong>naplnila znaky z\u00e1visl\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce podle \u00a7 2 odst. 1 z\u00e1kon\u00edku pr\u00e1ce<\/strong>. Na to navazovala ot\u00e1zka, zda se spole\u010dnost VELK\u00c1 PECKA, s. r. o., <strong>dopustila p\u0159estupku spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edho v umo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdkonu neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce podle z\u00e1kona o zam\u011bstnanosti<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed m\u011blo n\u011bkolik f\u00e1z\u00ed. Oblastn\u00ed inspektor\u00e1t pr\u00e1ce pro hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Prahu rozhodnut\u00edm ze dne 14. 6. 2023 shledal spole\u010dnost vinnou mimo jin\u00e9 z umo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdkonu neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce osmi kur\u00fdr\u016fm a ulo\u017eil j\u00ed pokutu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 2,5 mil. K\u010d. St\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad inspekce pr\u00e1ce n\u00e1sledn\u011b odvol\u00e1n\u00ed spole\u010dnosti zam\u00edtl. M\u011bstsk\u00fd soud v Praze \u017ealobu spole\u010dnosti nejprve zam\u00edtl, prvn\u00ed rozsudek v\u0161ak Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed soud zru\u0161il pro nep\u0159ezkoumatelnost. Po vr\u00e1cen\u00ed v\u011bci m\u011bstsk\u00fd soud \u017ealobu znovu zam\u00edtl a druh\u00e1 kasa\u010dn\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enost spole\u010dnosti ji\u017e \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 nebyla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed soud p\u0159itom zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee z\u00e1v\u011br o napln\u011bn\u00ed znak\u016f z\u00e1visl\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce <strong>mus\u00ed vych\u00e1zet z materi\u00e1ln\u00edho posouzen\u00ed vykon\u00e1van\u00e9 \u010dinnosti a charakteru vztahu<\/strong>. Za rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed proto nepova\u017eoval pouze smluvn\u00ed ozna\u010den\u00ed vztahu ani form\u00e1ln\u00ed odklony od pracovn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00edho re\u017eimu spolupr\u00e1ce, n\u00fdbr\u017e skute\u010dn\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed podm\u00ednek v\u00fdkonu \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve vztahu k <strong>osobn\u00edmu v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce <\/strong>NSS dovodil, \u017ee kur\u00fd\u0159i z\u00e1silky fakticky p\u0159eb\u00edrali, rozv\u00e1\u017eeli i p\u0159ed\u00e1vali z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm osobn\u011b a \u017ee mechanismus zastoupen\u00ed se re\u00e1ln\u011b neuplat\u0148oval. Mo\u017enost zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edka byla nav\u00edc smluvn\u011b v\u00e1z\u00e1na na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed souhlas spole\u010dnosti, a proto ji nelze pova\u017eovat za skute\u010dn\u00fd projev nez\u00e1visl\u00e9ho podnikatelsk\u00e9ho vztahu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soudy dovodily tak\u00e9 <strong>soustavnost v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce<\/strong>. Kur\u00fd\u0159i neplnili jednotliv\u00e9 j\u00edzdy pouze jednor\u00e1zov\u011b nebo p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b, ale \u010dinnost vykon\u00e1vali opakovan\u011b a po del\u0161\u00ed dobu. Kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed rozsahu pr\u00e1ce \u010di fakturovan\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stek podle NSS samo o sob\u011b nesv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o obchodn\u00edm vztahu, proto\u017ee prom\u011bnlivost vyt\u00ed\u017een\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vlastn\u00ed i pracovn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00edm vztah\u016fm, zejm\u00e9na t\u011bm zalo\u017een\u00fdm dohodami o prac\u00edch konan\u00fdch mimo pracovn\u00ed pom\u011br.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm znakem bylo rovn\u011b\u017e to, \u017ee kur\u00fd\u0159i vystupovali navenek <strong>jm\u00e9nem spole\u010dnosti<\/strong>. Vyu\u017e\u00edvali prost\u0159edky spole\u010dnosti, zejm\u00e9na vozidla s logem Rohl\u00edk.cz, mobiln\u00ed telefon s aplikac\u00ed a platebn\u00ed termin\u00e1l, a z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm se jevili jako sou\u010d\u00e1st slu\u017eby Rohl\u00edk.cz. Reklamace a komunikace byly nav\u00edc nav\u00e1z\u00e1ny na z\u00e1kaznickou podporu spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve vztahu k <strong>pokyn\u016fm, pod\u0159\u00edzenosti a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 z\u00e1vislosti<\/strong> NSS zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee odm\u011bna kur\u00fdr\u016f p\u0159edstavovala ekonomicky v\u00fdznamn\u00fd zdroj jejich p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f. Ujedn\u00e1n\u00ed o smluvn\u00edch pokut\u00e1ch v r\u00e1mcov\u00fdch smlouv\u00e1ch p\u0159itom soud nepova\u017eoval za znak obchodn\u00ed povahy vztahu, ale naopak za okolnost, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee sv\u011bd\u010dit o nad\u0159\u00edzenosti spole\u010dnosti a obch\u00e1zen\u00ed pracovn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u00fapravy. &nbsp;Z\u00e1rove\u0148 byla dovozena z\u00e1vislost kur\u00fdr\u016f na organizaci a p\u0159id\u011blen\u00ed pr\u00e1ce spole\u010dnost\u00ed, a to bez volnosti typick\u00e9 pro obchodn\u00ed vztahy. Oporou pro tento z\u00e1v\u011br byl re\u017eim pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a kontroly v\u00fdkonu \u010dinnosti, kter\u00fd odpov\u00eddal v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce dle pokyn\u016f zam\u011bstnavatele, nebo fakt, \u017ee spole\u010dnost nem\u011bla z\u00e1jem pouze na v\u00fdsledku spolupr\u00e1ce, tj. doru\u010den\u00ed p\u0159edan\u00e9 z\u00e1silky, ale na dodr\u017een\u00ed sv\u00fdch standard\u016f p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00ed soud proto uzav\u0159el, \u017ee <strong>kur\u00fd\u0159i sice form\u00e1ln\u011b vystupovali jako OSV\u010c na z\u00e1klad\u011b obchodn\u011bpr\u00e1vn\u00edho vztahu, av\u0161ak jejich \u010dinnost vykazovala znaky z\u00e1visl\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce<\/strong>. Spole\u010dnost se tak dopustila p\u0159estupku spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edho v umo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdkonu neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u0159ed \u00dastavn\u00edm soudem spole\u010dnost opakovan\u011b nam\u00edtala zejm\u00e9na poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va podnikat a svobodn\u011b volit povol\u00e1n\u00ed, pr\u00e1va na soudn\u00ed ochranu a spravedliv\u00fd proces a v r\u00e1mci unijn\u00edho pr\u00e1va tak\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed pr\u00e1va na voln\u00fd pohyb slu\u017eeb. \u00dastavn\u00ed soud v\u0161ak t\u011bmto tvrzen\u00edm nep\u0159isv\u011bd\u010dil a \u00fastavn\u00ed st\u00ed\u017enost odm\u00edtl jako zjevn\u011b neopodstatn\u011bnou. <strong>Kauza je tedy procesn\u011b uzav\u0159ena a z\u00e1v\u011bry o sp\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159estupku i ulo\u017een\u00e9 pokut\u011b obst\u00e1ly<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V\u00edce informac\u00ed na:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epravo.cz\/top\/clanky\/pokuta-za-svarcsystem-kuryru-rohliku-potvrzena-ustavnim-soudem-121213.html\">https:\/\/www.epravo.cz\/top\/clanky\/pokuta-za-svarcsystem-kuryru-rohliku-potvrzena-ustavnim-soudem-121213.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Na za\u010d\u00e1tku dubna roku 2026 dosp\u011bl k fin\u00e1ln\u00edmu rozuzlen\u00ed soudn\u00ed p\u0159ezkum pokuty ve v\u00fd\u0161i 2,5 mil. K\u010d, kterou v roce 2023 ulo\u017eil inspektor\u00e1t pr\u00e1ce spole\u010dnosti VELK\u00c1 PECKA, s. r. o., provozuj\u00edc\u00ed on-line obchod Rohlik.cz. Pokuta byla ulo\u017eena zejm\u00e9na za umo\u017en\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fdkonu neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce osmi kur\u00fdr\u016fm spole\u010dnosti, kte\u0159\u00ed rozv\u00e1\u017eeli zbo\u017e\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm. Kone\u010dn\u00fd verdikt, potvrzen\u00fd \u00dastavn\u00edm soudem, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5388","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5388"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5388\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5396,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5388\/revisions\/5396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5388"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5388"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5388"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}