{"id":5009,"date":"2025-09-09T15:46:22","date_gmt":"2025-09-09T13:46:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/?p=5009"},"modified":"2025-09-17T16:28:34","modified_gmt":"2025-09-17T14:28:34","slug":"urceni-vyse-primerene-slevy-z-kupni-ceny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/urceni-vyse-primerene-slevy-z-kupni-ceny\/","title":{"rendered":"Ur\u010den\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 slevy z\u00a0kupn\u00ed ceny"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Pr\u00e1vo na p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enou slevu z kupn\u00ed ceny je jedn\u00edm z pr\u00e1v z vadn\u00e9ho pln\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee kupuj\u00edc\u00ed uplatnit v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee pln\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 obdr\u017eel, nen\u00ed v souladu s dohodou stran. V praxi v\u0161ak b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto problematick\u00e9 ur\u010dit, jak\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e po\u017eadovan\u00e9 slevy je skute\u010dn\u011b p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1. K&nbsp;jak\u00fdm okolnostem je t\u0159eba p\u0159i stanoven\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e slevy p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnout? A jak\u00fd je vlastn\u011b smysl poskytnut\u00ed slevy z&nbsp;kupn\u00ed ceny? T\u011bmito ot\u00e1zkami se v&nbsp;pom\u011brn\u011b ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 dob\u011b zab\u00fdval Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud, kter\u00fd ve vztahu ke zp\u016fsobu ur\u010den\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e slevy z kupn\u00ed ceny p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed se zcela nov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V projedn\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u011bci se jednalo o spor z kupn\u00ed smlouvy na p\u0159evod pozemku s rodinn\u00fdm domem za kupn\u00ed cenu ve v\u00fd\u0161i 3 mil. K\u010d. Po p\u0159evzet\u00ed nemovitosti \u017ealobkyn\u011b zjistila, \u017ee d\u016fm trp\u00ed skryt\u00fdmi vadami, spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi zejm\u00e9na v odli\u0161n\u00e9m materi\u00e1lov\u00e9m proveden\u00ed stropn\u00edch konstrukc\u00ed oproti tvrzen\u00ed prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho a projektov\u00e9 dokumentace, a v jejich vadn\u00e9m proveden\u00ed vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdm\u011bnu. N\u00e1klady na odstran\u011bn\u00ed vad vy\u010d\u00edslila na \u010d\u00e1stku p\u0159es 1,2 mil. K\u010d, kterou po\u017eadovala jako slevu z kupn\u00ed ceny. Soudy obou stup\u0148\u016f \u017ealob\u011b \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b vyhov\u011bly a p\u0159iznaly slevu ve v\u00fd\u0161i odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016fm na opravu vadn\u00fdch strop\u016f. \u017dalovan\u00fd se br\u00e1nil p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159edm\u011btn\u00fd rodinn\u00fd d\u016fm byl v&nbsp;dob\u011b prodeje ji\u017e 80 let star\u00fd, na hranici \u017eivotnosti a byl ur\u010den\u00fd k&nbsp;rekonstrukci, co\u017e bylo zohledn\u011bno v&nbsp;r\u00e1mci kupn\u00ed ceny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle ust\u00e1len\u00e9 judikatury Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu je p\u0159i stanoven\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 slev\u011b nezbytn\u00e9 vych\u00e1zet z okolnost\u00ed dan\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpadu a p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eet zejm\u00e9na k:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>povaze a rozsahu vad vzhledem ke sjednan\u00e9 kupn\u00ed cen\u011b,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed v\u011bci a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b jej\u00ed estetick\u00e9 hodnoty,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tomu, jak se vyt\u010den\u00e1 vada projevuje p\u0159i u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bci,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tomu, jak vada omezuje \u010di komplikuje u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bci, nebo sni\u017euje jej\u00ed \u017eivotnost,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dal\u0161\u00edmu mo\u017en\u00e9mu zp\u016fsobu a rozsahu u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bci,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cen\u011b nutn\u00fdch oprav v\u011bci,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>a jin\u00fdm obdobn\u00fdm hledisk\u016fm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V rozhodovac\u00ed praxi byla tato krit\u00e9ria dlouhodob\u011b uplat\u0148ov\u00e1na a Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud je postupn\u011b dopl\u0148oval a konkretizoval. V&nbsp;rozeb\u00edran\u00e9m rozsudku v\u0161ak soud p\u0159istoupil k jejich interpretaci nov\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd m\u011bn\u00ed samotn\u00e9 pojet\u00ed \u00fa\u010delu p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 slevy z kupn\u00ed ceny a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il uveden\u00fd soubor relevantn\u00edch hledisek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed soud zd\u016fraznil, \u017ee smyslem \u00fapravy pr\u00e1v z&nbsp;vadn\u00e9ho pln\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed n\u00e1hrada \u00fajmy, ale n\u00e1prava poruchy ekvivalence vz\u00e1jemn\u00fdch pln\u011bn\u00ed. Poskytnut\u00edm p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 slevy z&nbsp;kupn\u00ed ceny m\u00e1 tedy prim\u00e1rn\u011b doj\u00edt k obnoven\u00ed smluvn\u011b p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9ho rovnov\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho stavu mezi pln\u011bn\u00edmi smluvn\u00edch stran, kter\u00fd byl naru\u0161en vadn\u00fdm pln\u011bn\u00edm prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edho t\u00edm, \u017ee kupuj\u00edc\u00ed obdr\u017eel pln\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e neodpov\u00edd\u00e1 sjednan\u00e9 kupn\u00ed cen\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159i ur\u010den\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e slevy z&nbsp;kupn\u00ed ceny je proto nutn\u00e9, aby krom\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed bylo p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnuto tak\u00e9 k&nbsp;tomu, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem vada v\u011bci ovliv\u0148uje pou\u017eitelnost \u010di \u017eivotnost v\u011bci oproti stavu p\u0159edv\u00eddan\u00e9mu smlouvou (tj. oproti bezvadn\u00e9mu stavu v\u011bci, na z\u00e1klad\u011b kter\u00e9ho byla tak\u00e9 sjedn\u00e1na dan\u00e1 kupn\u00ed cena). D\u00e1le je t\u0159eba zkoumat, zda \u0161lo o prodej v\u011bci za obvyklou cenu \u010di za cenu sn\u00ed\u017eenou \u010di naopak zv\u00fd\u0161enou oproti cen\u011b obvykl\u00e9, zda se jedn\u00e1 o prodej v\u011bci zcela nov\u00e9 nebo o prodej v\u011bci star\u0161\u00ed se sn\u00ed\u017eenou \u017eivotnost\u00ed a d\u00e1le tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b, zda v\u011bc po eventu\u00e1ln\u00ed oprav\u011b bude sv\u00fdm stavem odpov\u00eddat stavu p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9mu p\u0159i uzav\u0159en\u00ed kupn\u00ed smlouvy, pro n\u011bj\u017e byla dan\u00e1 kupn\u00ed cena sjedn\u00e1na. Je tedy zcela z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee ur\u010den\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e slevy pouze jako \u010d\u00e1stky p\u0159edstavuj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1klady na opravu vadn\u00e9 v\u011bci v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdm po\u017eadavk\u016fm neobstoj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozeb\u00edran\u00e9 rozhodnut\u00ed m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed v\u00fdznam nejen pro rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed soud\u016f, ale i pro smluvn\u00ed praxi a mimosoudn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed spor\u016f. P\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro ur\u010den\u00ed p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 slevy z kupn\u00ed ceny, \u010d\u00edm\u017e poskytuje praktick\u00e1 vod\u00edtka jak soud\u016fm, tak samotn\u00fdm stran\u00e1m p\u0159i uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vazk\u016f nebo n\u00e1sledn\u00fdch jedn\u00e1n\u00edch o jejich narovn\u00e1n\u00ed. Kupuj\u00edc\u00ed i prod\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed tak z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edv\u00eddatelnost v\u00fdsledku, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159isp\u011bt ke snaz\u0161\u00edmu dosa\u017een\u00ed sm\u00edrn\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dapln\u00e9 zn\u011bn\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku naleznete na adrese: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epravo.cz\/top\/clanky\/urceni-vyse-primerene-slevy-z-kupni-ceny-120039.html\">https:\/\/www.epravo.cz\/top\/clanky\/urceni-vyse-primerene-slevy-z-kupni-ceny-120039.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00e1vo na p\u0159im\u011b\u0159enou slevu z kupn\u00ed ceny je jedn\u00edm z pr\u00e1v z vadn\u00e9ho pln\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee kupuj\u00edc\u00ed uplatnit v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee pln\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 obdr\u017eel, nen\u00ed v souladu s dohodou stran. V praxi v\u0161ak b\u00fdv\u00e1 \u010dasto problematick\u00e9 ur\u010dit, jak\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161e po\u017eadovan\u00e9 slevy je skute\u010dn\u011b p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u00e1. K&nbsp;jak\u00fdm okolnostem je t\u0159eba p\u0159i stanoven\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e slevy p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnout? A jak\u00fd [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5009","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5009","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5009"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5009\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5016,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5009\/revisions\/5016"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5009"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5009"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dolezalpartners.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}